That being said, I have no logical reason to know life exists anywhere else except on this planet. I think it's important to differentiate between the likelihood of something and claiming certainty about it. While the possibility of extraterrestrial life is exciting and worth exploring, until we have direct evidence, we can't confidently say it’s out there.
In fact, we can't even answer the philosophical question, "Do other people aside from me even actually exist?" with 100% certainty. This brings us to the ironic part: sometimes, claiming we know life exists elsewhere can be a reflection of the same kind of ego that leads others to believe humanity is uniquely special in the universe. Both positions can, in a way, stem from an overestimation of our ability to know the unknowable.
I think it's great to remain curious and open to discovery, but also humble about the limits of our current knowledge. :)
I am not sure how to talk about things outside the observable universe. If light speed provides the ultimate limit for causality, this outside might as well not exist, from our perspective.
How common is it? In what environments does it occur?
Does it start the same way everywhere? Does it end up going the same directions the same way everywhere? Does it use the same metabolic pathways and the same genetic material?
Even just a confirmation without taking samples or deeper analysis is enough to start on these questions. Right now we can't even really start.
That statement isn't remotely true and it all depends entirely on what you define "life" as being.
You are right in that it seems pretty “obvious” that we aren’t alone… the math is overwhelmingly in favor of it being everywhere. But there is a huge distance between the math saying it exists and actually looking at it with your own eyes.