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Neither does the RK3588, which is precisely the point I was making.

> RK3588 > Binary DDR and GPU firmware

That makes it just as closed source as the corebooted novacustom stuff: https://novacustom.com/coreboot-laptop/

For the DDR, yes, but as for the GPU, is this still the case with Collabora's ongoing work on Panthor?

While the Panthor kernel driver itself is open source, it seems to require this firmware [0] which doesn't look very open source to me.

The GPU in the RK3588 doesn't use closed source firmware.