My own practice is to note headline edits in a submission comment, whether for length, clarity, removing clickbait / outrage, etc.
And the fact that the past nature of the event is immediately clear in the first 'graph of TFA strongly encourages the act of R'ing TFA, rather than reacting blindly to headlines.
(I've emailed mods suggesting an improved title of: "Feds Killed Plan to Curb Medicare Overbilling After Industry Opposition in 2014".)
Wordsmithing titles is in fact both hard and a matter of compromises.
HN's guidance is to use the original title, except where that's misleading or clickbait, and as an alternative to shorten that, or to substitute alternate text from either a subhead / alternate headline, or the article itself:
<https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29899854>
If you care to suggest something that is accurate, covers the relevant elements, and fits inside 80 characters, you're welcome to do so. It makes the mods' decision and action far easier, and is why I'd made a specific recommendation myself. I'm not wedded to that, but it is my good faith best-effort attempt. I'm happy to consider better. I've scoured the article a few times with limited success myself.
Though "DoJ alleges United Healthcare cheated Medicare out of more than $2 billion" (from "Justice Department alleges the giant health insurer cheated Medicare out of more than $2 billion") might also work, and makes the titled action current. 74 characters.
(I've submitted that as an alternate to HN's overworked mods as well.)
There is a system for when one party wrongs another - the wronged party takes them to court and justifies why there should be redress. The idea at the start of the article seems to be that the government seems to want to override that with some other process the seems to involve people dobbing each other in or employees looking for opportunities to send their employers money to, effectively, the tax office. I'd be furious if someone tried to involve me in such a system. I don't want to be dealing with people who are looking for opportunities to get me in trouble or vice versa.
If the things people are trying to catch people for are immoral and massively harmful, then everyone moral should willing want to participate in such a system.
Unfortunately, this means often foregoing large and egregious targets, such as the organised criminal syndicate known as United Healthcare, in favour of far smaller, and more tractable, targets. This has always been the case, and is hardly limited to the United States.
Finding ways to remedy this fundamental systemic dysfunction would be greatly appreciated.
(The observation in my first 'graph isn't a sneer or slight at prosecutors, though some of those might also be deserved. It's a recognition of the nature of the activity.)