I moved multiple times with my IKEA furniture, including disassembling some. They’ve lasted fine these past five years+. Not sure why people think IKEA furniture is “disposable” and do not last.
If you buy the lowest quality, it is composed of "particle board" (AKA pressed sawdust) and "corrugated cardboard" (https://youtu.be/24F5JlKkxR4?t=76). This furniture is incredibly easy to break and it will often not support being screwed together twice.
If you buy the higher quality furniture, which is often soft wood like pine (which is still incredibly low quality compared to traditional hard wood-based furniture), it will stand up a little better. It still scratches easily, because it is soft wood, but at least you can reassemble it after it has been disassembled.
Does Ikea sell any traditional hardwood furniture that is made out of things like maple, oak? I think not. Did they ever? I think they might have early one, but I could be wrong.
To be honest, it is likely a net environmental win that Ikea uses these cheap and low quality woods and sawdust and cardboard. Pine grows so much faster than hardwood, and reusing sawdust and cardboard is really low impact on the environment. I guess you have to balance that against the shorter lifespan of its furniture.
Both Oak and Beechwood are considered a hardwood.
So yeah, it should be more durable than their pine-based furniture.
But yeah, I think thats the closest you'll get to hardwood anything at ikea
However, if you just look at IKEA stuff and compare how it evolves over multiple rounds of assembly and disassembly, there are products that are very hard to disassemble without breaking them and products that are fairly okay to disassemble and reassemble. As others have commented, it varies.