As far as I know, there isn't any kind of tsconfig rule to disallow this (please correct me if I'm missing something here!). So unless you're using tools I don't know about, this is kind of a mandatory last bastion of "any".
You can disallow any, enable the strictest possible null/undefined checks (including noUncheckedIndexedAccess). And there's also the assertion TS check that normally prevents erroneous type assertions.
But "as unknown as MyType" is not preventable by means of tsc, as far as I know. Unless there's an option I don't know do disable this kind of assertion (or even all assertions).