(you could also look at using Typst directly if you're not tied to HTML)
Switched to Firefox Headless and these issues stop happening, in fact, switching to Firefox made the renderer ~3x FASTER than Chromium Headless!
The Blitz project seems very interesting and is actually what I needed, because I'm using a headless browser as an alternative because rendering everything manually using Java Graphics2D would be a pain because the thing I'm rendering has a bit of a complex layout and I really didn't want to reinvent the wheel by creating my own layout engine.
Other solutions have incomplete support for the HTML spec, so we can't quite create the pdfs we want (unless someone set down and figured it out with less modern features)