"New", no, but "not as fully explored by programming languages as other paradigms" yes. A very similar approach to the "explicit propagation" version was used in Midori:
https://joeduffyblog.com/2016/02/07/the-error-model/#recover...
https://joeduffyblog.com/2016/02/07/the-error-model/#recover...
Midori promised to never-ever-ever throw unchecked Exceptions. But when something goes wrong, it just crashes? Sorry, "abandons"?
If it's the preferred strategy, fine, but it shouldn't be made out to be some bastion of correctness.