Unfortunately there isn't a neat mechanism like short-selling.
Maybe we could have something like that, where the vigilance department receives a small amount of money paid off from the penalty imposed on the researcher with bad/fraudulent research.
They're incredibly empowered to conduct raids and seize property and other belongings, if it comes down to that and the sum involved is large enough.
But only if that sum involved is not large enough for the owner to afford proper defense lawyers
https://www.irs.gov/about-irs/whistleblower-office-at-a-glan...