I see your basic point, but in the iOS case, something bad HAS happened -- your personal contacts may have been uploaded to the servers of many different companies without your permission.

The crux of the issue is that the web can't be designed like Apple. The reason the web took off is that it's decentralized. You don't need anyone's permission to set up a web site.

And in fact the contacts fiasco kind of illustrates the point. That happened because a company has monopoly on the (hidden) policies of their ecosystem.

I think one solution is to have programs that manage other programs in a future operating system. You could configure that Berners-Lee mentions by hand. But more likely you there could be a very simple system level app that presents a wizard: "You're running out of storage. Here is a list of all apps and how much storage their using." And it will guide the user through some actions to adjust the capabilities.

It is an open problem to determine whether general users can infer "access to my address book" + "network connectivity" -> "company can permanently store my contacts and spam my friends", and the like.