When I need to take a break I just read random posts. Some of these posts are interesting to me and I might spend too much time drilling into them.
I am pretty sure that I would do the same in the absence of smartphones, but with a newspaper instead.
Video sites/apps never did anything for me, but I'd read text-only forums for hours and hours.
Ads are the tip of the iceberg. There's a lot of content out there that doesn't look like an ad that has ulterior motives. Not all of it is nefarious, but there are way too many smart people working on such things to believe that not seeing an ad is equivalent to not being influenced by marketers.
And while they may differ on many topics, one thing marketing agrees on is that you should be engaging with as much marketing-influenced content as possible.
So returning to my "is it an addiction" question... Broadly speaking it's fairly obvious whose interests would be served, if not yours, by spending an unhealthy amount of time on HN. I'm sure it was a conversation at one time, back when someone was deciding whether or not to build HN. It serves ycombinator's interests to have us here.
I'm not saying it's necessarily problematic, especially in HN's case, but one does feel like a rat in a maze at times. You gotta wonder if there's a different way, one with fewer maze designers and more cheese.
So my point is that we could still have engaging information available without it being engineered for engagement. We could design instead with dopamine hygiene in mind. And that's a situation with less addiction potential.
Clickbait articles on other sites are mostly because of Google driving it anyways.
Perhaps we need to ban ads targeting children for starters, like we did smoking. Unfortunately with "ads", there is no easy "here look at this cancer-ridden black lung that was directly caused by smoking"-equivalent.
Better be extra worried then…