Authorization: I do it in the database using roles, row level security and column level security. It works well and I defer everything to PostgreSQL's security controls, it feels like the right place to do it and I don't have to worry about it going out of fashion, PostgreSQL is here to stay. Anybody else who talks to the database directly is also subject to the same authorization rules, which is nice.
Introspection: this should really be disabled on production services. Only enable it for development.
N+1 problem: I don't really have a problem with N+1 because PostGraphile converts the request into an efficient query. In other cases this problem presents itself in REST too and the article proposes hoisting N+1 queries to the controller, but that's just really moving the problem around, and you can do this with GraphQL too.
The other problems, yeah sure they are present and a worry if you're running some highly visible/very loaded public API.