The demo they posted demonstrates how to do it. But I don’t think it’s a generally good solution to the problem, it feels like it solves this specific case where the type is a string hash. I think the evolution of this for other types and objects is more like what the OP article suggests.

I wonder if a more natural solution would be to extend the String class and use that to wrap/guard things:

class Hash extends String {}

compareHash(hash: Hash, input: string)

Here's an example: https://www.typescriptlang.org/play/?#code/MYGwhgzhAEASkAtoF...