You may want to try TagSpaces https://www.tagspaces.org/ or TMSU https://tmsu.org/ which provide mechanisms for managing tags of arbitrary files (not only EXIF or ID3 ones).
I've also been on the lookout for an AI assisted duplicate finder. Like, it'll compare pictures and then rate similarity between pictures on some scale, by appearance, colour or topic, perhaps with an auto-tagging feature as well. Ofc it should also compare dates, file sizes and the usual MIME type or hash based similarities as well.