Apparently "deep document understanding" refers to OCR and structured document parsing: https://github.com/infiniflow/ragflow/blob/main/deepdoc/READ...
Since "deep document understanding" is not a term of art, I would have just said "OCR and document parsing".
How well does it work? Please include benchmarks. You may be interested in
https://paperswithcode.com/sota/optical-character-recognitio...
https://paperswithcode.com/task/document-layout-analysis
The models seem to be closed source, hosted here: https://huggingface.co/InfiniFlow/deepdoc