If OP is managing something that is critical to life - think fire suppression controllers, or computers that are connected to medical equipment, I think it becomes very difficult to compare that against financial assets.
Though anything actually potentially lethal shouldn't really have a standard Internet connection. E.g. nuclear power plants, trains, planes controls, heavy industrial equipment, nuclear weapons...
a. Use commercial OS vendors who will push out fixes.
b. Set up a Continuous Integration process where everything is open source and is built from the ground up, with some reliance on open source platforms such as distros.
One needs different types of competence and IT Operational readiness in each approach.
How would that have prevented this backdoor?