The creator chose to remove the image in question following my post.
You can see the image behind the central video on the wayback machine archive here: https://web.archive.org/web/20240311143537/https://teable.io...
The asset was created in-house by our design team custom for our website (not outsourced or a template) and was copied identically. The asset itself is a small thing, but the denial of something which is materially provable seemed very odd to me, hence my reply!