But. I have implemented these exact security measures into web applications. I've been handed the requirements and I implemented them. I asked my client why we had to do this, when "everyone" knows that this stuff is terrible user-experience and can backfire spectacularly for security (the same people who would memorize a shitty password and use it everywhere, will now write their expiring, "strong", impossible-to-remember password on a sticky note or save it to a text file or spreadsheet called 'passwords.txt' on their Desktop). The answer is: we have to, for compliance. To pass a security audit. To prove to some major client or insurance company that we have a number of industry-standard measures in place to improve security. Unfortunately, your bank does not care about the 2% of us using password managers. Everyone else is still memorizing passwords, forgetting them, and making jokes about it like it's 2003.