If I could change one thing about corporate culture, I think it might be this attitude of "success necessarily produces growth". There is nothing wrong with reaching a successful size and staying there.

A good company charges money to solve a problem. The company only needs to be as big as the problem. Anything beyond that is just an exercise for investors. There is nothing wrong with that per se, but it should not be viewed as the only way to be successful.

Having said all that, I don't think Charan's assertion is "controversial" at all. In fact it seems to be the default assumption in virtually every publicly traded company.