I look at the numbers in the article and my eyes glaze over; the only thing I got out of it was that they're urging India to bump its poverty level numbers. (I am decidedly _not_ and economist)
Part of the article is arguing for changing those definitions, though even revised definitions will still seem extreme to anybody in a wealthier country.
But the article also points out that improvements are being made. And it credits redistributive policies for those improvements.
Although the article title is extreme sounding, is seems like its mostly making the argument that India needs to shift focus on the "poverty scale."
And there's the "it's relative" issue, that mostly Americans and Europeans would look at India, and it would not even equate with "poverty."
The article is talking about the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty "international extreme poverty" definition which is: "you survive on $1.90/day".