Honestly, if you can teach me how to do that in less than a minute, I would (no sarcasm) really appreciate it.
SSHelper will tell give you a GUI where you configure optional password and get the IP and port. Then scp is -P<port> <user>@<IP>:<path>
scp -P22222 myfile anyuser@192.168.1.10:/data/user/0/com.arachnoid.sshelper/SDCard/.
where the only trick part is how Android managed storage, but it's just more letters (/data/user/0/com.arachnoid.sshelper/SDCard/<path>).Once I found Termux I embraced it since it's a nifty linux thing straight on my phone with it's own configurable sshd and it's exactly the same as above except with a different path and lots more options.
iOS: I think https://ish.app/ ?
(If you're in the ~1% of smart phones not on Android or iOS, either this is trivial (postmarketos rocks) or you're on your own)
> I have no idea how to use scp on my phone or how to move a file from my PC to my phone with scp.
so I'm comfortable assuming that they have an sshd and can reach it (though I grant, having an IP line-of-sight can be annoying).
I'm not sure how you would propose to solve the other problems, such as "the computers can't communicate directly" or "you don't know where the file you want is" but that doesn't seem like a problem with there being proper tools available