For example, around 25:00 Lustig claims...

    "[fructose in] fruit is okay because of the fiber and the fiber is what mitigates the absorption
    [...]
    you're feeding your microbiome. that frucose isn't for you."

    "I could find no evidence that fiber inhibits the absorption of fructose"

Also in terms of background, Lustig is a professor guest starring on a podcast sponsored by various companies (including one that sells supplements [2] [3]) versus Layne who runs a company that sells workout guides / supplements [4]. Not to say there's any obvious conflict of interest here, but I think the professor actively involved in research has more credibility.

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> [the 30kcal] has to come out somewhere else, or it’s going to stay in there.

That's a good point. I'd love to know what the practical difference between my gut bacteria consuming energy vs rest-of-me consuming energy is too.

But yeah Lustig saying sugar was as addictive as heroin also raised a red flag for me. Maybe true in a technical sense but definitely shows he's trying to push a point (anti-corpo maybe?).

[1] https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=fiber+slows+fructose+ab...

[2] https://www.hubermanlab.com/episode/dr-robert-lustig-how-sug... -- see sponsors in timestamps

[3] https://drinkag1.com/

[4] https://biolayne.com/