no one's trying to compare across different traditions and your story is uncharitably critical of Europeans, could you pleases use a more ethnically neutral example in the future?
Except that this is precisely what 18th century European musical theorists did, a practice that continues to the present day in some (not all) music education institutions.
While you can certainly hear jokes made in Africa, India and Asia about various deficencies of European music, what you will not find on those continents is a dominant cultural practice of explaining the inherent superiority of their own musicking.
And yes, it is also true that the culture that engages in this is but a single subset of European musical culture, but it also happens to be the dominant one, embraced by both the educational establishment and the elites across the continent. They may look down on certain Basque folk traditions as well as Gamelan and Carnatic traditions, but looking down is precisely what this European phenomena does whenever other traditions are under discussion.
Citation needed. Africa and Asia (including India) are fairly big places, and they also have some peoples with very high opinions of themselves and their cultural legacy. I don't know enough, but my null hypothesis would be that until proven otherwise, I would expect that to extent to music as well (and not just literature or cuisine etc, where I definitely know it's happening.)
Here’s an example of someone with a lot of twitter followers in the tech world using information theory to compare across different types of music: