Planck constant would like to have a word with you. But it is true that CS shines a light on the matter of mapping the infinite into bounded spaces.
This matter of ‘cognition’ is the entire matter (npi) of contention. What is the actual relationship between number and perceived phenomena? What is the deeper meaning of the concordance of mathematics and physics? Where do these magical constants come from and what does it all mean?
It seems we bring the ‘world’ into being by partitioning. See Genesis 1 for details.
> the world is continuous
Reality is actually a unified undivided unity without form and timeless & eternal - that is all we can say with certainty. The “world” is our perception of this reality. Our cognitive machinary is discreet, and a mapping of this reality into metric & temporal spaces of the mind.