I get an ipv6 for my phone through Wireguard that way.
A good idea? No.
IP addresses are used for routing. Every provider-independent block of addresses needs its own entry in the global routing tables, which are stored on basically every BGP router in the world. There's a limit to the size of these tables, as they need to be stored in special TCAM memory.
Note that IPv4 currently has many more routes than IPv6 not only due to higher adoption, but also due to higher fragmentation: some providers are obtaining many small non-consecutive blocks from different sources (buying addresses wherever they are cheapest), which results in a large number of routing entries. The increase in the overall table size means all other ISPs have to buy new hardware sooner than they would have without the increase caused by fragmentation. Everyone having their own personal address block would cause even worse fragmentation issues.
If we want that, global orgs in charge of the global phone number mapping must coordinate around some slice of the IPv6 address space (what they already do with international roaming of phone numbers). This will be very hard to operate safely, very probably.
I don't know if it's actually being used. IIRC since then everything has moved to a higher layer.
The processes involved wouldn't really scale if normal people were going to do it either, but if it's something you care deeply about and are willing to spend the time on, it is possible.
As another poster said, you can get a tunnel from Hurricane Electric, or some other tunnel brokers, and that works too, although it's not as flexible --- HE tunnels are not geographically flexible, you pick where your tunnel is assigned, and those addresses will always be routed through that location. If you move far away, you'll likely want to setup a new tunnel in a new location for performance reasons.
Yes. You also have to get an ASN though, and an ISP which which will advertise both over BGP.
(If you qualify for one, there's little downside to requesting it at the same time as your IPs, though)