The US does not have that. In fact, if you were to move to another job, it is very easy to commit more than you should have to your 401k (Roth or pretax) since the providers only let you contribute a percentage of your paycheck, vs a fixed amount to it.

Do not know if that is a legal requirement for the percentage of paycheck part.

IRAs have the same problem where you can contribute more than you should if you use two providers and contribute to both. They will only track it at their firm.