Peanuts have a long growing season and require 100 to 130 depending on the variety of frost-free days to reach maturity. USDA Zone 7 and above should plan on starting seeds for peanuts indoors 4-5 weeks before the last anticipated frost date. Zones 8 and above can start inside to get a head start, or sow directly into your garden beds after your last frost date.
Peanuts are IMO similar. They require warm nights and a long growing season, so any northern or moutainous area will need _some_ extra considerations and can't rely on cold-weather breeds to paper over the problem. You might want a much longer stint indoors than other plants before tossing them in your garden. Like tomatoes, they're not crazy about excess moisture (and where tomatoes just die when they get fungal infections, there's a wide range of conditions where peanuts will still produce but the produce will be toxic). Otherwise they're pretty easy.
> Can peanuts grow pretty much anywhere in the U.S.?
desert plants, so most probably not in snow or frost areas
They are much better than strawberries for CA at least, but the winning strategy with water if you are a small farmer is not reducing its consume. This would benefit mainly your competitor companies that can use more water and push you off of the road at mid term. Is similar to the problem of not using a big server after having spent solid money building it. You are not saving money or energy, really, and your part of the cake is just reduced
Either everybody saves water at the same time, or is just big fishes trying to convince the small ones to surrender part of its quote so there are more resources for them