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I think it would be worth mentioning GraalVM and https://github.com/oracle/truffleruby in competitors section.

LuaJit and PHP both use [DynASM](https://luajit.org/dynasm.html) as well.

TIL PHP uses dynasm, here I thought only LuaJIT did. Cool!

Here’s the RFC for reference https://wiki.php.net/rfc/jit

It passed and landed in PHP 8.0.

I’m surprised their benchmark only saw a 200% performance improvement. LuaJIT is way faster than Lua in many cases.

So the PHP implementation was built into the opcache extension which already gives a massive speed up over purely interpreted PHP.

If you benchmark JIT PHP vs PHP with no opcache you will see 500% speed up or more depending on the workload.

Of course most PHP web servers tend to be pretty IO bound. The project I work on sees ~a 20% in best case response time which is quite nice.