"github.io/username/package" is using a domain name, just like Java. Changing the username part is like changing the domain name--I don't see how this is any worse in Go than in Java.
If you don't like that there's a username in there, then don't put one in there to begin with. Requiring a username has nothing to do with Go vs. Java, but rather is because the package's canonical location is hosted on Github (which requires a username).
I don't know why so many programmer's use a domain they don't control as the official home of their projects--it seems silly to me (especially for bigger, more serious projects).