Yes, you're right—there's POSIX somewhere along the line. Object storage is available on-cloud but it's also frequently used on-prem (e.g. within many companies, universities, research labs, etc). This object storage may run on Linux and make POSIX function calls and syscalls that perform erasure coding onto block storage, but it may not necessarily rely on a POSIX filesystem on the backend (in fact, in most cases, there is no filesystem at all).