I work in a small shop and things are messy. Similar to having hundreds of WordPress sites, but we managed to standardize the main set of plugins we use on all clients (this has its own git repo), and clients will have their custom theme and some custom plugins (in another repo).
Ideally we would have a tool that lets us spin up a dev site for any client, fetch the production database from the last backup, anonymize the data, connect an IDE and have git commit access.