Lockdown mode only affects Safari. If you use another browser, it doesn't make any difference.
Here are some features that are disabled in Safari when lockdown mode is enabled:
- JIT
- Remote fonts
- WebAssembly
- WebGL
- WebRTC
- PDF Viewer
- MP3 Playback
- Gamepad API
- Web Audio API
- Speech Recognition API
- MathML
- JPEG 2000
- MediaDevices.getUserMedia()
You can configure most of those in Firefox and Chrome, but it has to be done manually and cannot be disabled easily on a per-site basis like in Safari.
I'm in the same boat. I was a bit confused, since I'm pretty sure I read somewhere that you could selectively disable it for some "apps", but I've never found out how to disable it for photos specifically.
My requirements of my phone being otherwise slim, I didn't encounter any other issue with lockdown mode.