More seriously - science produces contingent knowledge. Even the results of the LHC are to be taken with some salt because although the greatest and most honest minds of our generation work on them they likely won't ever be independently replicated.
All scientific knowledge has some doubt attached to it - after all, it's not maths!
Retraction Note: A critical assessment of extreme events trends in times of global warming.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04...
It also had "collected measurements". There are tonnes of nonsense scientific articles published (not saying this one is, but of this author that has made dubious and sensational claims). And unless there is scientific consensus, his wider claims should be treated with scepticism.
Finding: "Objects with chemical composition that's unknown on Earth".
Conclusion: "Likely originated from outside our solar system".
Simpler explanations:
"Formed on Earth through previously unknown process".
"Formed elsewhere inside our solar system".
How many extraterrestrial (but inside solar system) substances do we really know? How much extraterrestrial substances have been sampled, from how many locations on how many objects, exactly? And even on Earth, do we know all processes through which materials are formed?
Yes, extrasolar origin is one possibility. The most likely one? Hmm..
These nodules are the result of terrestrial geology.
Source?
What defines a good scientist is an open-minded attitude and going beyond the accepted status-quo. Who knows, maybe some aliens really contacted him in his dreams? But a scientific study has its rules anyway, and if methodology is correct, the author can believe in a spaghetti monster.
So if he really was spoken in his dreams, a real scientist should bet for the two non-crazy hypothesis available. 1) Just dreaming with aliens does not mean that aliens exist, 2) and being tricked by a colleague hiding in their room while he was sleeping. Because we, apes, never miss the opportunity to have a good laugh.
-- Prof. Walter Kotschnig, 1940