> on a virtual machine with 1 CPU and 128 MB of RAM, the FreeBSD kernel can boot in under 20 ms;
Oh, my... how could I achieve the same on real hardware without VMs ? ;)
Oh, my... how could I achieve the same on real hardware without VMs ? ;)
It's everything else that's slow. For example, this is my machine
Startup finished in 14.552s (firmware) + 2.885s (loader) + 741ms (kernel) + 23.116s (initrd) + 11.191s (userspace) = 52.488s
I've had libvirt bog standard qemu-kvm (not a microvm) creating a new Ubuntu VM from a disk image & booting to a login prompt in under 10 seconds for more than a decade. This is without fiddling with virtio, doing hardware scans for PCI, VGA, SATA and such, and booting via Grub (your "loader"). Those should be pretty comparable!