It's an ongoing debate with decades of research from NGOs, non-profits, etc. Here's an attempt at a literature review:
https://sustainabilitycommunity.springernature.com/posts/are...1. "79% of studies reviewed reported that smaller farms have higher yields, with yields increasing 5% per 1ha decrease in farm size."
2. "77% of studies finding that smaller farms have greater biodiversity at both farm and landscape scales"
3. "no statistical evidence for farm-size relationships with resource-use efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions, or profitability"
Here's another paper that specifically breaks down people fed per hectare: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034...