Do you know what decreases insulin resistance and changes gut microbiome composition? intermitent fasting.
A review published in Frontiers in Microbiology in 2020 suggested that women with PCOS tend to have less diverse gut bacteria, and the balance of different types of bacteria might also be altered. The causal relationship is obviously not clear.
1. https://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282%2804%2902227-7/...