Which is why in other countries, such as the UK, the NHS will look at the potential for preventing disease/extending QALY based on peer-reviewed evidence, the risks of harm and overall cost-effectiveness before then coming up with a model for the whole population when it comes to screening which targets patient demographics most likely to benefit. The following conditions are pro-actively screened in this way:

- Abdominal aortic aneurysm

- Bowel cancer

- Breast cancer

- Cervical cancer

- Diabetic eye screening

Patients with early symptoms of e.g. skin cancer can get moles checked out free of charge, and the yearly dental & vision check will screen for conditions like oral cancer and glaucoma.

The harm of something like a yearly colonoscopy in the general asymptomatic population would far exceed the potential benefits.