> In the end, we had to let an entire department go to solve the issue.
Dropping an entire department is hard. Excising the bad employees is good in the long run, but the near term pain is a setback for the business.
One of the hardest lessons I've learned is that the most political people don't look like they're playing "politics". They might be the friendliest, most charming, most outwardly positive people you meet. The way they manipulate might be cleverly disguised as being helpful or outwardly positive.
One of the worst company politicians I dealt with had a charming way of smiling and speaking as though he was the calm voice of reason. If he wanted someone to lose status, he'd find clever ways to take them down a notch while looking like the hero.
For example, if someone was more productive or talented than he was, he would start making a lot of comments about how he was "taking extra time to mentor <person> so they have the resources they need to succeed". When his own work started falling behind, he always had a faux-humble narrative about how he spent too much time helping partner teams deliver the work he needed to complete his own tasks, even though he did nothing of the sort. Repeat this over and over again and he developed a reputation for being "too kind" and acting as the mentor for everyone, while in reality the teams were always struggling to get him to keep up. He spent a lot of time in the office rubbing elbows with execs, even though we were a remote company and he didn't even have a place to sit there. He'd often miss our meetings because he was talking to people at the office while the rest of us were working.
The politics were so obvious to me as a team member, but it blew my mind to see how well this tricks played with the management structure at the company. Management was already overworked and he was conveniently showing up to deliver them narratives and pretend to be the helpful guy. They ate it right up.