I think there was no chance to survive at the scale they expanded to.
Not an owner, but I've used one.
Also - yes, the bike is expensive, but a comparable exercise bike is similar cost.
Yes there are cheaper exercise bikes, they are not as well built generally.
They actually lose money on the bikes but make it back on the subscription.
For city people living in HCOL areas, Peloton is a steal compared to gym membership/class rates if you like spinning.
Similar for some of the other workout-from-home services that expanded rapidly during COVID.
The problem is, the TAM for that is not 330M Americans / 1B people worldwide.
It's more like ~20M Americans / 50M worldwide, best case.
I think its one of those NYC/SF bubble creature mind traps that actually - gyms don't cost $350/mo everywhere.
My parents pay $99/year to use a gym and they share a membership, lol.
So for a small subset of people $40/mo from home is a steal. For a lot of people it looks like a luxury.
The COVID bump was always going to be temporary, but the genre in general makes some sense for WFH white collar people who don't want to get a HCOL area gym membership.