I believe your comment is somewhat true, but in your examples with the EU and California it’s mostly the case where (one of) the largest market(s) is able to set laws that govern the entire world. Which is great if everyone also happens to agree with the law, but it’s not the most democratic situation.
At what governance level would this be acceptable for you? The existence of political minorities is invitable. The question is where do you draw the line: street, block, postal code, city, metro, region, state, or nation? When is it ok to dominate others because they got less votes? The same issue is reflected in red states grabbing power from blue cities, with the implication that the state-level domination is A-OK.
> with the EU and California it’s mostly the case where (one of) the largest market(s) is able to set laws that govern the entire world
this is not likely to be solved by yet another layer of government.
We're not going to structure a global government, such a thing is never going to exist and we're never going to have to worry about it existing. Fortunately.