It can be detrimental overall when the measures to be enforced are mostly security theater, rather than effective. Unfortunately, my observations are that both after 9/11 and during the COVID-19 crisis, force was on the bottom line mostly used to oppress and abuse, less so to decrease risk of terrorist acts and infection respectively.
In a smarter, less corrupted society, where these measures we're trying to enforce are well thought out, tested and effective, the use of force would still be necessary, despite compliance in general would be better due to effective information campaigns. Alas.