A table, by definition, is a surface upon which a cup can be placed. A cup holder on the other hand envelops the cup and prevents any sliding movement. This makes a cup holder ideal in moving vehicles.
I really wish cars had more modular docking systems for electronics, drinks, snacks and sunglasses.
What you're looking for is a "cup holder expander" or "cup holder adapter". Much like the cigarette lighter became a power delivery standard because it's there, so too has the cup holder become a standard, although admittedly quite a bit more nascent.
https://www.ford.com/support/how-tos/owner-resources/vehicle...
https://www.thedrive.com/news/44276/ford-releases-blueprint-...