Don't forget that includes almost a billion children under the age of 8 who typically get hand-me-downs phones from their parents. And people in 3rd world countries. And old people.
New cell phone sales are under 2B/year. Industry hoped they would continue rising after 2016, but they've plateaued around 1.8B. Of those about 200M are still flip/dumb phones. Ownership time (in the pipeline) is increasing not falling.
I don't believe 5.3B became waste unless many B people suddenly decided to do without (in 2022). That seems unlikely unless it just some random definition of watste. Sure there might even be (8-9 years of production) 16B phones laying around somewhere outside of landfill so why did they become get trashed in '22? Can we blame 3G?
https://www.sellcell.com/how-many-mobile-phones-are-sold-eac...