Only through apps that work as RDP/remote desktop. You can't use native X/wayland screens with Android unless you root it.

I use Deskreen with Windows, it has a Linux version that probably works similarly. I think it leverages browser streaming tech.

https://deskreen.com/

Easiest way to get it working is with a dummy plug (because it just casts displays, it can't create one), but maybe there's more options on Linux to fake a display in software.