As far as I know, every major dialect of APL has had support for variable names. Symbols are used to name primitive functions, but not user-defined terms; if you want to use any intermediate term more than once, you likely want to assign it a name. And even leaving this aside, you probably would not very much like to write an entire program as a single very long expression; intermediate variables are necessary to break lines up.

A few decades ago, j (an apl dialect) innovated a form of tacit programming—programming functions which do not refer to their arguments by name, and which do not need to name intermediate terms to share them—but you still must name your functions if you would like to compose them or if you would like to avoid the extremely-long-line problem.

Generally, I write J programs using a mix of small, tacit functions, and larger explicit functions. The latter primarily comprise a sequence of assignments, and generally use unnamed tacit functions heavily (alongside explicit applications and references to other defined functions) when constructing intermediate terms. Explicit control flow is rare, but usually accomplished using builtin combinators and recursion when necessary.