https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/drug_poisoning_mor...
I mean open your eyes too. In Socal and NorCal many areas have becime covered with people living on the streets. This is partly housing and drugs
Every study shows that the overriding cause of homelessness is the lack of affordable housing.
Is there drug use in homeless populations? Of course, there’s also a ton of alcohol use as well. Is it the cause of homelessness? No.
Because we have statistics from other states with much higher drug abuse and OD stats that have lower rates of homelessness, because the driving cause of homelessness is not being able to afford a home.
Hell even HN had a post on this a week or so ago, the dominant factor - more than laws, environment, social support - is housing costs.
The other thing people don’t acknowledge that the denser your population the more compact - and so pronounced - the homeless populations become. A few years back there was an article about how Boise didn’t have the SF homelessness population due to punishing the homeless. Except statistically they had basically the same number, but doesn’t have anything like the population.
In the smaller view, look at pretty much any mid-size hub town in the Midwest, or Indiana at least. All of them I've lived in have shelters (the smaller towns usually don't). Food pantries of different sorts are fairly common too, even in small towns. A fair number of these are run by churches who have a mixed track record of how they treat folks staying there (turning away queer folks, forced work or taking possessions, etc).
It isn't like anywhere actually has year-round beautiful weather - not the sort that makes you eschew housing. Some places you just don't have to worry about freezing to death most nights.
https://www.genesisrecovery.com/drug-addiction-and-homelessn...
One thing about both the studies you reference and studies I reference is that they're both correlative. Not causative. A causative study is virtually impossible here.
One possible causal chain: Drug use leads to less money, leads to no house in high cost areas.
Another possible chain: No money, leads to no house in high cost areas, leads to drug use.
There's actually infinite possibilities because the causal source can come from an unknown variable that we didn't reference here.
My best guess though is that it's both.
It's hard to imagine an "over regulated" police force where that can happen.
Citation needed. I've yet to see any evidence that the brutality has been meaningfully reigned in.
What I have seen is police departments doing a work-slowdown when the mere mention of reigning them in is brought up.
This is probably cynical, but I think that good policing will have more instances of brutality than we’d like. I think to fix this you probably would need to spend a lot more money than anyone would want to.
That said there are some really good cops too. But our judicial system often puts them in harms way for no great reason. There’s a guy on the street here who has been arrested about 75 times. He doesn’t care about cops at all — and I’m amazed at the patience cops have with him. Especially knowing he will be back on the street in a couple of days.
From a quick look online, the German police make about 60k EUR a year, or around 64k USD at current (not favorable!) exchange rates. The average American cop makes significantly more, even before you factor in taxes[2] (these numbers are by state, so you should weight them for population.)
[1]: https://nypost.com/2018/08/27/new-yorks-best-paid-public-emp...
[2]: https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewdepietro/2020/04/23/polic...
That being said: police work is dangerous, but not uniquely or disproportionately dangerous: it doesn't crack the top 20 most dangerous jobs in the US[1], nearly all of which pay less than the police do. Being a delivery driver is nearly twice as dangerous, for half the average pay.
When we talk about the dangers inherent to policing, it's maybe worth considering whether those dangers are our own fault: cops in the US employ lethal and "less-lethal" force far often than cops in other countries do, and public trust in the police (leading to panicked interactions) is correspondingly lower.
[1]: https://www.ishn.com/articles/112748-top-25-most-dangerous-j...
You hear about when they get shot back at because in a nation of 300mil there's a lot of cops instigating violent situations with people who are inclined to shoot back so there's more than enough to total volume to fill the news (and it makes a great eyeball grabber for various demographics) but deaths on the clock basically all come from getting hit on the side of the road or getting in car crashes without wearing a seatbelt (lots of cops don't use belts because they wanna be able to get out of the car ASAP).
Is it really all the stop is going to be about? You can guarantee that?
Not every criminal is a fugitive with an outstanding warrant. Some of them are unlucky enough to get pulled over during the getaway from their first capital offense for minor violations as stupid as window tint or loud stereos. It's like cheating-- if you're willing to break one rule, you're willing to break others. This is why these nitpicky laws for stupid shit exist.
So it won't end well when a meter maid expecting to write a tint violation ticket notices banging and thumping coming from Bob's trunk on an empty road. Alice is armed with a ticket printer. Bob is armed with god knows what, because given the limousine tint Alice can't see into the car as well as Bob can see out of it.
(Besides, people assault-and-batter meter maids in less-dire situations all the time. Suspects are supposed to fear the enforcement officer, not size them up.)
We literally train kidnapping victims trapped in trunks to sabotage brake lights because it will attract police attention and sufficiently-armed-and-trained intervention. The Department of Motor Vehicles isn't going to be who saves your ass.
Municipalities often spend 50% or more of their entire yearly budgets on police salaries, benefits, liabilities etc.
You’ll have to pay a lot more to get a different class of people.
Cops in my state have higher salaries, better benefits and better retirement options than software engineers do.
Pay isn't the problem with police recruitment funnels or policing in general.
Plenty of people do currently join the police in the USA with good intentions, but plenty more would never join at any price. The toxicity of police culture is enough of an offset that basically no salary would cover it for a growing fraction of Americans.
You want more and better cops? Make policing less toxic, then people might actually rebuild some respect for police in general.
https://transparentcalifornia.com/salaries/search/?q=Police&...
https://www.sanfranciscopolice.org/your-sfpd/careers/sworn-j...
Per this post, spending on police has increased faster than population in Vallejo specifically: https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/84950dbe341d4d59ac3d6ef...
https://www.ppic.org/blog/how-much-do-california-cities-spen...
It's not clear to me, from the last 30 years of engorged police funding, that we can pay our way out of this one. Focusing on why it attracts people who are drawn to the negative aspects, for example, as you said.
If you want more information, see the article on the murder of Oury Jalloh [1] and that police department [2]
<(contains murder, rape, police violence, other)
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Oury_Jalloh
https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oury_Jalloh?_...
[2] https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/#?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x...
There's no we here. If your interpretation of what makes policing good involves brutality as a necessary evil, that has a lot more to do with your tolerance of government abuse than policing, and I don't share that.
https://newrepublic.com/article/118508/map-san-franciscos-ch...
https://www.chcf.org/publication/2022-edition-substance-use-...
https://www.chcf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/SubstanceUse...
https://www.chcf.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/SubstanceUse...
"The death rate from fentanyl increased 10-fold from 2015 to 2019. The rate of prescription opioid deaths fell 30% from 2011 to 2019."
"The number of amphetamine-related emergency department visits increased nearly 50% between 2018 and 2020. The number of non-heroin-related opioid ED visits more than doubled in the same period."
Doesn't look like minor changes to me.
My original point was more about policing. Lack of Draconian policing of drugs is not the cause of the increase in hospitalizations and deaths from fentanyl, amphetamine, and opioids.
A nice graph here:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Op...
Edit: https://abcnews.go.com/Health/fentanyl-deadly-drug-dealers-l...
https://www.history.com/news/americas-war-on-drugs-was-desig...
https://www.cato.org/policy-analysis/four-decades-counting-c...
https://www.npr.org/2021/06/17/1006495476/after-50-years-of-...
https://www.history.com/news/americas-war-on-drugs-was-desig...
https://www.cato.org/policy-analysis/four-decades-counting-c...
https://www.npr.org/2021/06/17/1006495476/after-50-years-of-...
See Japan and Singapore. Also note those two places have the lowest incidence of drug use and homelessness.
It could be because of the viciousness of the punishment. In the US the punishment matches the degree of the crime in the sense that if you sell drugs you get a punishment that you deserve.
In Singapore if you get caught selling over 500mg of weed you are executed via death penalty. The punishment does not match the crime, but rather the punishment is designed to be as effective as possible in eliminating the crime all together via deterrence and Darwinian artificial selection.
Policing DOES work, it's just most people, you included, are drug users. So you want to end homelessness, you want to stop people from over-abusing drugs, but as a casual user yourself you don't want to be put to death either or anything like that so you have to find some middle ground that works. The problem is there is no middle ground. The US drug war was middle ground and as you and your articles pointed out, it was largely NOT effective.
From a personal standpoint I don't use drugs. Morally I'm more of a middle ground type of a person. I think moderation isn't a big deal. Objectively though, since I have no skin in the game, I would support Singaporean measures to stop drugs and homelessness all together.
Would you put your Grandma to death? Grandma needs help not a lethal injection.
If grandma decides to purchase opioids illegally rather then get treatment that's 10 years in prison in Singapore. The law is effective in this case of making grandma pursue the correct treatment.
This is not all. Executions will occur: namely the parties responsible for the opioid epidemic will be put to death without regard to corporate shielding. Courts will determine on an individual basis who was responsible and hang them.
I believe this last point is something I wish would happen and would largely be an effective deterrent. It is entirely a matter of how much power a DA will have in pursuing such "policing" policies. The former point however is true and is the outlined procedure enforced by the government in Singapore.
Either way even without the last point I think I have shown you that "policing" can be effective. It really depends on how much policing and how severe it is.
There is the obvious side effect of possibly creating a police state by giving the police/government too much power. But while the phrase "police state" has bad connotations it is arguably not always a bad thing as exemplified by Singapore.
I don't know whether such policies will be effective in the states. But it is patently false to say that policing cannot be effective.
It is easy for a person to hold loyalty to an idealized concept that "policing" doesn't work when it comes to drugs. The reality is, like almost everything in life, much more nuanced. Ask questions. What kind of policing? How severe? Being open minded means that you need to ask those questions rather then deliberately constructing logical scaffolding to support your preconceived/popular conclusion about the US drug war.
The War on Drugs did not slow the number of deaths from drug overdoses in 50 years. It is clear that policing alone is not the solution to drug problems.
You've called me a drug user. You've claimed I said that all policing does not work. You are taking very extreme views of me here, I never said any of that. What I'm saying, and I've backed up with lots of info from 3rd parties, is that policing drugs does not slow drug production or drug use. Policing is not the solution to drug problems. Putting drug sellers and users to death does not solve anything.
Read for yourself what the National Institute of Justice says about deterrence: https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/five-things-about-deterr...
You are free to go live in Singapore.
Look, there is enforcement. But that does not impact overdose deaths, because law enforcement does not prevent or drive drug use.
https://www.vice.com/en/article/ne879z/i-tracked-someone-wit...
No cop can solve poverty.
Cops don't prevent crime, and cops don't prevent drug addiction. These are features of american capitalism that have been made the sole purvey of an ever dwindling national police force. They are the department of last resort for a nation that thinks you can fight drugs like a war.
Stay too focused and you don't have room to ask why our jails are essentially revolving door state housing for the homeless.
The usa is absolutely in a predictable phase of late stage capitalism. You don't have to be a communist to consider this, rigid critique of system is how you improve systems.