> I wonder if the future will just be software hobbled together with shitty AI code that no one understands, with long loops and deep call stacks and abstractions on top of abstractions

There's plenty of software out there that fits this description if you just remove "AI" from the statement. There's nothing new about bad codebases. Now it just costs pennies and is written in seconds instead of thousands paid to an outsourcing middleman firm that takes weeks or months to turn it around.