In theory a restaurant that is over capacity and catches on fire should be able to have everyone exit without death or injury. In practice, people panic and act in their own self interest leading to disaster.
What's the saying... success has many fathers, but failure is an orphan?
this only happens when there's leadership present to which the rest get directed, and the crowd trusts the leadership to act with their interest in mind. E.g., a uniform wearing fire-warden, is often enough.
If there's no such leadership, or they are acting (clearly) not in the interest of the "crowd", you will see panic and a failure to cooperate. This, not cooperation, is what makes humans truly humans.
https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2012/11/its-tim...