A USB2 cable connected to a USB3 device will still work, as USB2. This is required in the spec, and hopefully the OS provides a helpful hint here, especially if more than USB2 HS bandwidth is required.
A non-emarked cable connected to a PD source and sink will be limited to 3A@20V (60W), but again it will still work to deliver a significant amount of power, just maybe not enough.
If 'nothing' is working then something is more broken with your setup than the USB specifications.