Unfortunately, software often cannot resolve it either. I keep coming back to CRDTs admiring their conceptual simplicity, but in the end there's always some semantic constraint that turns out to be very hard to resolve without actual centralised database transactions.

Or take your own example, which is about text documents. CRDTs give you a guarantee that after syncing everyone up, everyone gets the same bytes in the same order. But in order to arrive at a semantically coherent document, you ultimately need coordination on a higher level than that.