As someone who doesn't step foot in America much, I honestly cannot comprehend the "tipping culture". It's expected and almost mandatory as it's an integral part of workers pay but not absolutely mandatory or legally enforced. So any "rules" or customs are on a "you should know" basis. I've seen many receipts with an empty "tip amount" line above the total.
Is there no consumer movement or workers organization whatsoever lobbying to just have the tip incorporated in the salary and purchase price?